Rhyme Scheme of How Do I Love Thee

Rhyme Scheme of How Do I Love Thee

 

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English Reading Skills Board Question- 2016

 Board Questions of National University 

National University
Department of English
Honours First Year
English Reading Skills
Code: 211101
Board Questions- 2016

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বাকি প্রশ্নগুলি পেতে আমাদের সাথেই থাকুন। ধন্যবাদ সবাইকে। ভালো থাকুন, সুস্থ থাকুন।

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Reading Skills Questions 2015 of National University

National University 

Department of English

BA (Hon's) 1st Year; Examination-2015 (Held-2016)

Subject: English Reading Skills 

Subject Code : 211101

Time: 4 hours; Full mark: 80

[N.B. : The figure in the margin indicate full marks,]

Part-A

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follows: 

Have you wondered what it would be like to stand in the dock on a charge of murder and be found guilty and see the black silk cap being placed over the wig of the  judge and then hear him sentencing you "to be taken back to the prison from which today he came, there to be hanged be the neek  until he is dead?" And can you imagine your feelings when you know that you are not guilty? And can you picture  yourself in the condemned cell for the next thirty days and night, waiting for the morning of your hanging.

I can tell you something about this. It was in the middle of summer that I  was condemned to death. I was taken back to Wordsworth Prison and put into the condemned cell. Six prison officers had been selected to be with me, two at a time, night and day until I was hanged. There was nothing special about the cell; it was just two ordinary ones knocked into one and furnished only with a narrow bed, a table and three chairs.

The officers were very good follows. They brought small luxuries for me from time to time and the wife of  one of them sent a bunch of flowers from her garden everyday. I lived on the ordinary prison food but I was allowed tan cigarettes and a bottle of bear everyday as an extra. Ten cigarettes don't go very far in the  condemned  cell I could have smoked two hundred. The officers used to give me one or two of their own now and then. We talked and played cards until  the early hours of each morning Sometime my mind would drift away for a while, but then a voice murmured in the back of my head: " Haven't  you forgotten something?"

The officers had to keep an Occurrence Book in which to record anything special that I said or did. You would think that o new book could be afforded for each execution, but this one had already been used for several. One day I seized a chance to glance inside it. One of the names was Roger. Miles who had been hanged eight months before for the murder of a prostitute. Against his name was the commant : " sullen, refused to play cards." Another name was Charles Egbert Thomposon with the commant : "screamed and made a lot of trouble when his time came."

1. Answer any ten question : 

a. What did the judge do immediately after the blackcap was placed on his head?

b. What do you mean by 'the dock'?

c. What did the writer receive that he would not have received if he had not been condemned to death?

d. What two things did the prison officers do to make his life more tolerable?

e. What do' Occurrence Book' mean?

f. Which of these is the meaning of 'sullen'?

i.neurotic ii. miserable ii. angrily silent iv. furious

Give the single word that is used in the in the passage to express each of these meanings (g-i)

g. Things pleasing to have  but not essential.

h. Look very quickly.

i. Declare that one is quilty. 

Change the following sentences as  directed (j-i)

j. It was in the middle of summer that I was condemned to death.( Re-write the sentence without using'it' )

k. One day I sized o chance to glance inside it. ( make it passive)

l. It was in the middle of summer that I was condemned to death. (make it simple)

Part-B

Read the passage and answer the questions below: Autism is a disorder of neutral development characterised by impaired social interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behaviour. These sings all being before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain. how this occour is not well. understood. Parents usually notice sings in the first two years of their child's life. The sings usually develop gradually, but some 

autistic children frist develop more normally and then regress. Early behavioural or cognitive intervention can help autistic children gain self-cure, social and communication skills,. Although there is on known cure, there have been  reported cases of children who recovered . Not many children with autistic live independently after reaching abulthood with some invidiuals seeking successful. An autistic culture has developed with some nividiuals seeking a cure and others believing autistic should be accepted as a difference and not treated as a disorder.

Autistic is a highly variable neuro development disorder that first appears during is a childhood and generally follows a steady course without remission. Social deficit distinguish autistic from other developmental disorder. People with autistic have social impairments and often lack the interest about others. Unusual social development becomes apparent early in childhood. Autistic infants show less attention to social stimuli, smile and looks at others less often and respond less to their own names. Autistic toddlers differ more strikingly from social norms. For example, they have less eye contact and do not have the ability to use simple movements to express themselves, such as the deficiency to point at things. Three to five year old autistic children are less likely to exhibit social understanding, such as approaching others spontaneously,imitating and responding to emotions and communicating nonverbally. children with high functioning autism suffer from more intense and frequent loneliness compared to non-autistic peers. Making and maintaining friendships often proves to be difficult for those with autistic. For them, the quality of friendships, not the number of friends, predicts how lonely they feel. 

Answer any five questions:

1. What is autistic, according to the passage?
2. How does autism affect children?
3. What may be the result of early detection of autism?
4. How should autism be treated?
5. How do autistic people behave? 
6. How does an autistic child react?
7. What is the attitude of autistic children towards friendships?
8. What does 'autistic culture' mean?

Part-C

When I consider how my light is spent,

Ere half my days in this dark world and wide,

And that one talent which is death to hide, 

Lodg'd with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve there with my Maker and present 

My true account, lest he returning chide;

'Doth God exact day-labour, light deny'd?

I fondly ask, but Patience to Prevent 

That murmur, soon reples, "God doth not need 

Either man's work or his own gifts. Who best 

Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state

Is kingly: thousands at his bidding speed,

And post o'er land and ocean, without rest:

They also serve who only stand wait.

10. What is the central theme of the poem and how is it presented by the poet?

11. How does the poet console himself at the end of the poem?

12. Evaluate the poem as a sonnet.

13. Comment on the tone of the poem.

14. Show the poet's position and attitude in the poem.

15. What is the rhyme-scheme of the poem? Explain.

16. Indentify the figures of speech used in the poem.

17. Write a summary of the poem.

j

  

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Question Pattern Analyse, English Reading Skills, Honours First Year, Department of English

Question Pattern Analyse 

English Reading Skills
Honours First Year
Department of English

Marks Distribution

Part A: Passage/ Comprehension (Unseen)

    10 Questions should be answered from 12 Questions (10 x 1=10)

    (a-e): Open Ended Questions.

    (f-i)  : Word Meaning & Sentences Making (English), True/False, Use of Relative Pronoun).

    (j-l)  : Changing Sentences.

Sources:

1. English Reading Skills.
2. Newspaper Magazine.
3. Recent Viral Events.
4. Life History of Prominent Writers.
5. And many more.

Part B: Passage/ Comprehension (Unseen)

    Need to answer 5 questions out of 8 (5 x 4= 20) 

    2-9 : Elaborate Questions.

Sources:

1. English Reading Skills.
2. Newspaper/ Magazine.
3. Recent Viral Events.
4. Life History of Prominent Writers.
5. And many more.

Part- C: Poem (Seen/ Unseen)

    Need to answer 5 Questions out of 8 Questions (5 x 10 =50)

    10) Summary.

    11) Rhyme Scheme.

    12) Theme.

    13) Diction or Structure/ Genre. 

    14) Author's Tone and Position/ Mood an attitude.

    15) Scanning of the poem.

    16) Descriptive Questions.

    17) Descriptive Questions.

Sources: 

1. First Year Poetry Book.
2. Second Year Romantic Poetry.
3. Any Book of Your Courses of NU.
4. Well-known Poem of Prominent Writer.
5. Poem of Previous Syllabus. 

In-course Marks: 20

    1. Present: 05

    2. Written: 15

** Written Exam Question Pattern Depend on Own College. 

Total (Theoretical 80+ In-course 20)=100

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How to Write the Diction/ Structure/ Genre of the Poem, কিভাবে কবিতার ডিকশন, স্ট্রাকচার, জেনার লিখা হয়?

How to Write the Diction/ Structure/ Genre  of the Poem
কিভাবে কবিতার ডিকশন, স্ট্রাকচার, জেনার লিখা হয়?

Birbal Roy

English Reading Skills জন্য একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ টপিক হল  Diction/ Structure/ Genre । অনার্স ১ম বর্ষ ও ২য় বর্ষের পরীক্ষায় অবশ্যই এই টপিকটি আসবে। কিন্তু এই টপিক নিয়ে সবার মধ্যে একটা  ভীতি কাজ করে। তাই আমার আজকের এই আয়োজন তোমাদের জন্য।

Diction কি? কাকে বলে?

 শব্দের অর্থ হল রচনা শৈলী। এর অর্থ হলো কোন রচনার গঠন কৌশল। কবিতা একধনের সাহিত্যিক রচনা। বিভিন্ন ধরনের কবিতা ভিন্ন রকমে গঠিত হয়। যেমন গঠিত হয় ছন্দে লাইন দিয়ে আবার এপিক হয় বিশাল পরিধি নিয়ে। পরীক্ষায় আমাদের নির্নয় করতে হয়ে এই ঘঠন প্রক্রিয়াটি কি। কি ধরনের শব্দ আছে। কোন ধরনের কবিতা। 

Structure কি ? কাকে বলে?

আধুনিক সময়ে Diction শব্দটিকে না ব্যবহার করে structure শব্দটি ব্যবহার করা হয়।এরা মুলত একই জিনিষ। পরীক্ষায় যে নামে আসবে সেই নামে লিখতে হবে।

Genre: একই জিনিস ভিন্ন নামে।

Diction/ Structure/ Genre  লিখার কিছু  কৌশল ঃ

1. বার বার কবিতাটি পড়তে হবে।
2. লেখার শুরুতেই কবিতার পরিচয় দিতে হবে।যেমনঃ কার লেখা, কোন ধরনের কবিতা ( Sonnet, ode, elegy etc ), কেন লিখেছেন এবং কোথায় লিখেছেন।
3. তারপর Pattern/ Form  নিয়ে কথা বলতে হবে। যেমনঃ কত লাইন, কত স্ট্যাঞ্জা ও কয়টি অংশে বিভক্ত।
4. এরপর আসবে কবিতার আর কিছু এডভান্সড গঠন নিয়ে কিছু কথা। যেমনঃ Meter কি? Rhyme কি? কোন Rhyme এ লেখা, লাইনে meter কত আছে।
5. কি কি লিটারারি টার্ম আছে তা লিখে হালকা বর্ণনা করতে হবে? যেমনঃ Simile, Metaphor, Pun, Oxymoron, Assonance etc. 
6. তারপর কোন ধরনের শব্দ আছে তা লিখতে হবে। কবিতায় শব্দের প্রকারভেদ দুইভাব হতে পারে যেমনঃ Hard Sounding  ও Lucid Sounding । Lucid মানে হল সহজে যে শব্দগুলো উচ্চারণ হয়  এবং Hard Sounding মানে হল সহজে যেগুলা উচ্চারণ করা যায় না। এগুলা কে আলাদা করে লিখতে হবে। আরেক ধরণের বিভাজন হল আধুকনিক (Modern) এবং প্রাচীন শব্দ ( Colloquial)। যেমনঃ প্রাচীন শব্দঃ Thou, thy, dost. didst, hath
7. শেষে মন্তব্য দিয়ে লেখা শেষ করতে হবে।
8. সহজ সরল ভাষায় লিখতে হবে।
9. নিজের মতো করে লিখতে হবে।
10. ১ থেকে দেড় পেইজে (১২০ থেকে ১৫০ শব্দে) লিখতে হবে লিখতে হবে।
11. অনেক গুলা প্যারা হতে পারে।
12. ভালো করে প্রজেন্ট করতে হবে।
13. ছোট ছোট বাক্যে লিখতে হবে।

নিচে উদাহারণ-সহ Diction/ Stricture/ Genre কিভাবে লিখতে হয় তা দেখানো হলঃ

Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?

                        William Shakespeare

Shall I thee compare to a summer's day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate.

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summers lease hath all too short a date.

Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines ,

And often is his gold complexion dimmed;

And every fair from fair sometimes declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thy ow'st,

Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.

    So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,

    So long lives this, end this gives life to thee.

Diction/ Structure/ Genre: 

This poem is a Shakespearean sonnet written by Great poet William Shakespeare. The poet wrote this beautiful sonnet to glorify his beautiful friend. In this poem, the poet wanted to make his friend immortal. This poem is consist of 14 lines divided in two part followed by a couplet of last two line. The first part is a octave telling the confusion and the second part is sestet resolving the confusion. This poem is written in iambic pentameter lines. There are many literary terms in the poem. These are repetition, assonance, alliteration, internal and end rhyme. This poem has so much colloquial language such as thou, thy, grow'st, ow'st and etc. Thus, this poem is written in colloquial language. There are lots of hard sounding words such as compare, summer, temperate, rough, darling, lease, declines, dimmed, untrimmed, wand'rest etc. So, the poem is not a lucid one. This poem has a regular rhyme is scheme of abab cdcd efef gg. This type of rhyme scheme is lyrical one. So, this poem can be sung as a song.

Discussing above we can claim that this poem is basically a short lyric of iambic pentameter lines.

Birbal Roy

MA in English, BA (Hon's)

How to Write the Diction/ Structure/ Genre of the Poem 

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How to Write the Theme of the Poem, কিভাবে কবিতার থীম লিখবেন?

How to Write the Theme of the Poem

কিভাবে কবিতার থীম লিখবেন?

Birbal Roy

What is theme of the poem? কবিতার  থীম কি?

Theme শব্দের বাংলা অর্থ আবহ। এর অর্থ হল আবেশ বা ভাব। তাহলে থীম শব্দের অর্থ দাঁড়ায় কবিতার ভাব কি। কবিতাটি কিসের আবেশ নিয়ে রচিত।পরীক্ষায় Theme  লিখতে বললে আমাদেরকে কবিতাটি কি বিষয় তুলে ধরেছে তাই লিখতে হবে।

Theme ও Summary এর মধ্য পার্থক্যঃ

Summary মানে হলো কবিতার সার-সংক্ষেপ। মানে কবিতায় কি ঘটেছে শুধু তাই বলা। আর Theme মানে হলো ভাব । কোন ভাবের উপর কবিতার মূল বিষয় গড়ে ওঠেছে তাই বানিয়ে লিখতে হবে।

Theme লিখার কিছু মৌলিক কৌশলঃ

1. কবিতাটি বার বার ভালো করে পড়তে হবে।
2. বার বার পড়ে কবিতার সারসংক্ষেপটি বোঝে নিতে হবে।
3. কবিতার Form and Pattern (Structure) বোঝতে হবে। সাধরনত, Sonnet কবিতার Theme হয় ভালবাসা, Elegy কবিতার Theme হয় শোক গাথা, Ode কবিতার Theme  হয় প্রশংসা করা।
4. প্রথমে আমাদেরকে Summary টি নিজ ভাষায় বর্ণনা করতে হবে। তারপর সেটা দেখে বলে দিতে হবে Theme  টা কি হবে।
5. দুই প্যারায় লিখতে হবে ।
6. ১ থেকে দেড় পেইজে (১২০-১৫০ শব্দ) লিখতে হবে।
7. সহজ, সরল এবং নিজের ভাষায় লিখতে হবে। 
8. ছোট ছোট বাক্যে লিখা ভালো।
9. ভালো করে প্রেজেন্ট করতে হবে।
10. সাহিত্যিক আবেশ থাকবে।

উদাহারণ-সহ নিচে লিখে দেখানো হলঃ

To Daffodils 
By Robert Herrick

Fair Daffodils, we weep to see

You hast away so soon;

As yet the-early-rising sun

Has not attain'd his noon.

Stay, stay,

Until the hasting day

Has run

But the even-song;

And, having pray'd together, we

With go with you along.

We have short time to stay, as you,

We have as short a spring;

As quick a growth to meet decay

As you, or anything

We die

As your hours do, and dry

Away,

Like to the summers's rain;

Or as the pearls of morning's dew,

Ne'er to be found again.

Theme: 

This poem is an ode which is written by Robert Herrick. In the surface level of the poem, we find a mere story of daffodils flowers but in the inner level this poem tells a serious tale of human life. Daffodils is a nice flower. It attracts human the most. The flowers is so beautiful that it can be called as one the best flowers. But this beautiful flowers is short lived. It dies away so soon. It cannot live till noon. It deflowers shortly after the early morning. It dies before the morning dew. Poet requests it to stay till evening. Thus they can pray together. As the poem progress, the poet compares human life to daffodils. We, human, have a short life too. We grow fast to meet our decay. We have an attractive life too specially the time of youth. But it dies away so soon. Actually, we get happiness in life to be sad again. Our happiness is like summer's rain. Summer's rain is a rare thing. So, the poem tells a beautiful philosophy of human life in the form of daffodils.

By reading this poem, we can learn that human life is transitory as a life of daffodils as well as a short lived one. So, the theme of the poem is the great philosophy of human life as nothingness of human life.

How to Write the Theme of Poem

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